Learning objectives:
What: The reasons and impacts of population migration
Why:
How:
What: The reasons and impacts of population migration
Why:
How:
- Consider the reasons for a range of migration using the concept of push and pull
- Study the impacts of the Mexico to USA voluntary migration case study - on both host and source country
- Study the impacts of the Syrian refugee forced migration case study- on both host and source country
starter
Read through these migration statements- do you agree or disagree with them?
Key terms:
Economic Migration: This is a type of voluntary migration where people migrate for job reasons. This might because they have no job in their current location or that a job in a different location offers better pay or a better position.
Push Factor: Things that make you want to leave the destination that you live in.
Pull Factor: Things that attract you to a new location.
Discrimination: Unfair treatment of a person, racial/ethnic/cultural group or minority group.
Remittances: Money sent from the migrant back to their home country
Economic Migration: This is a type of voluntary migration where people migrate for job reasons. This might because they have no job in their current location or that a job in a different location offers better pay or a better position.
Push Factor: Things that make you want to leave the destination that you live in.
Pull Factor: Things that attract you to a new location.
Discrimination: Unfair treatment of a person, racial/ethnic/cultural group or minority group.
Remittances: Money sent from the migrant back to their home country
Mexico to USA- voluntary international
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Mexico to USA research task
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Work your way through each of the tasks in the booklet above.
Task 1 - 9 are based on the two part video above 'Walls of Shame'.
Task 10 will require you to research developmental data for both countries. For the murder rate / 100,000 people, check out this link.
Task 12 & 14 will require the use of this site. You can also check out the section below.
Impacts on US (positive and negative)
- Illegal migration costs the USA millions of dollars for border patrols and prisons
- Mexicans are seen as a drain on the USA economy
- Migrant workers keep wages low which affects Americans
- They cause problems in cities due cultural and racial issues
- Mexican migrants benefit the US economy by working for low wages
- Mexican culture has enriched the US border states with food, language and music
- The incidents of TB has been increasing greatly due to the increased migration
Impacts on Mexico (positive and negative)
- The Mexican countryside has a shortage of economically active people
- Many men emigrate leaving a majority of women who have trouble finding marriage partners
- Young people tend to migrate leaving the old and the very young
- Legal and illegal immigrants together send some $6 billion a year back to Mexico
- Certain villages such as Santa Ines have lost 2/3 of its inhabitants
Optional Task - Click here to be taken to a BBC news report about the situation in 2012. Make notes on the causes and effects of this new movement of migrants back to their country of origin.
Optional Task - Watch the video beneath and summarise what plans Donald Trump is making to 'secure' the border between the USA and Mexico. Why is he doing this?
| migration-case-study-.pptx |
Poland to UK- Voluntary migration
In 2001 the UK Census showed that there were about 60,000 Polish born people living in the UK. However, by 2010 it was estimated that this figure 515,000 (some unofficial estimates say it is closer to 1 million). The large-scale migration started in 2004 when Poland and seven other countries (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary and the Czech Republic) joined the EU. Their membership of the EU gave Poles much greater freedom to travel, live and work in other EU member countries. Most Poles have applied and registered to work in the UK legally, but others have visited the UK and just not left - this is why the true number of Poles inside the UK is not fully known. Poles may not officially register to avoid paying tax on their earnings. Many of the unregistered migrants maybe working in farming. Farm working is very seasonal, so these workers may spend a lot of time moving between jobs and also returning home in between seasons. Most Poles have migrated because they have better economic opportunities in the UK than Poland (although the current global recession has encouraged many to return home). Although the migration of Eastern Europeans has inflamed some nationalist sentiment, on the whole Poles contribute an awful lot more to the British economy than they take. Many of the people protesting against migrants would not do the jobs migrants do and would certainly not do it for similar pay and treatment (not necessarily by workers, but some members of the public).
Push and Pull factors
Impacts of migration
Mapping Migrants in the UK
You might expect that most migrants would gravitate towards large urban areas like London, Birmingham, Manchester and Liverpool. However, although this might be true for London, the map to the right suggests that most other large urban areas have received relatively few migrants considering their size. According to the map the areas with the most migrants between 2004-2007 include places like:
With the exception of the last area the other areas are very much rural. The reason for this unexpected distribution is some of the jobs that migrants are taking. Not many are taking jobs in the tertiary sector, plus the number of secondary (manufacturing jobs) is declining in the UK. Therefore the majority are taking jobs either in the construction sector (electricians, painters, plumbers, plasterers, etc.) or the primary sector (farming and fishing). As you know the majority of primary jobs are found in rural areas and this is why there is probably larger numbers than expected in these areas.
Even though there are significant numbers of migrants in rural areas, the main Polish diaspora is located in London. The main centre in London is in West London around Hammersmith. Migrants tend to collect together for social and cultural reasons. Reasons may include support from friends and family (this might be accommodation, advice or simply friendship), common language, religious and cultural activity. In West London there is the Polish Social and Cultural Centre (POSK) and the Federation of Poles in Great Britain
You might expect that most migrants would gravitate towards large urban areas like London, Birmingham, Manchester and Liverpool. However, although this might be true for London, the map to the right suggests that most other large urban areas have received relatively few migrants considering their size. According to the map the areas with the most migrants between 2004-2007 include places like:
- North and Central Scotland
- The Wash (Lincolnshire and North Norfolk)
- Herefordshire (on the border of England and Wales)
- Yorkshire (near Leeds and Bradford)
With the exception of the last area the other areas are very much rural. The reason for this unexpected distribution is some of the jobs that migrants are taking. Not many are taking jobs in the tertiary sector, plus the number of secondary (manufacturing jobs) is declining in the UK. Therefore the majority are taking jobs either in the construction sector (electricians, painters, plumbers, plasterers, etc.) or the primary sector (farming and fishing). As you know the majority of primary jobs are found in rural areas and this is why there is probably larger numbers than expected in these areas.
Even though there are significant numbers of migrants in rural areas, the main Polish diaspora is located in London. The main centre in London is in West London around Hammersmith. Migrants tend to collect together for social and cultural reasons. Reasons may include support from friends and family (this might be accommodation, advice or simply friendship), common language, religious and cultural activity. In West London there is the Polish Social and Cultural Centre (POSK) and the Federation of Poles in Great Britain
