THERMIDORIAN REACTION AND THE DIRECTORY 1794-9
INTRODUCTION: The Directory was the longest lasting of the revolutionary regimes. It was created by the Thermidorians, the right-wing revolutionary reaction to the Jacobin revolution of Year II, following the overthrow of Robespierre. The new constituion of 1795 re-established the power of the revolutionary bourgeoise. From the outset, the Directory was beset by many economic problems and military setbacks. Opposition to it emerged from both left and right with the revival of the Jacobinism and royalism.
PRE-READING AND FOCUSED COMPREHENSION
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The coup of brumaire and the overthrow of the directory
INTRODUCTION: The government's response to this was to suspend the democratic process and suppress opposition by force. The army was called in to put down opposition on both sides of the political spectrum. Despite the fact that the Directory stabilized the economic situation and saw its armies go on the offensive, these actions cost it a great deal of popular support. Relying on the army to maintain its position intimately proved it's undoing as the most able and ambitious of the Republic's generals - Napoleon Bonaparte - saw an opportunity overthrow what had become an unpopular and discredited regime.
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